PIPELINE

Ikaria is a fully integrated biotherapeutics company with deep investment in research and development. We are currently investigating additional uses for inhaled nitric oxide (IK-3001), and the therapeutic potential of inhaled carbon monoxide (IK-2001) and hydrogen sulfide administered intravenously as sodium sulfide (IK-1001). CO and H2S are naturally occurring signalling molecules that have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, and antiapoptotic properties in animal models.1-17

 

Please see R&D and Partners for more information on the efforts driving our product growth.

 

 

Last updated: December 2009

References
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  2. Sato K, Balla J, Otterbein L, et al. Carbon monoxide generated by heme oxygenase-1 suppresses the rejection of mouse-to-rat cardiac transplants. J Immunol. 2001;166(6):4185-4194.
  3. Kaczorowski DJ, Zuckerbraun BS. Carbon monoxide: medicinal chemistry and biological effects. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(25):2720-2725.
  4. Otterbein LE, Soares MP, Yamashita K, Bach FH. Heme oxygenase-1: unleashing the protective properties of heme. Trends Immunol. 2003;24(8):449-455.
  5. Ryter SW, Alam J, Choi AMK. Heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide: from basic science to therapeutic applications. Physiol Rev. 2006;86(2):583-650.
  6. Kim HP, Ryter SW, Choi AMK. CO as a cellular signaling molecule. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2006;46:411-449.
  7. Kimura H. Hydrogen sulfide as a neuromodulator. Mol Neurobiol. 2002;26(1):13-19.
  8. Fiorucci S, Distrutti E, Cirino G, Wallace JL. The emerging roles of hydrogen sulfide in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Gastroenterology. 2006;131(1):259-271.
  9. Szabó C. Hydrogen sulphide and its therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007;6(11):917-935.
  10. Li L, Moore PK. Putative biological roles of hydrogen sulfide in health and disease: a breath of not so fresh air? Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2008;29:84-90.
  11. Mancardi D, Penna C, Merlino A, Del Soldato P, Wink DA, Pagliaro P. Physiological and pharmacological features of the novel gasotransmitter: hydrogen sulfide. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009. doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2009.03.05.
  12. Morrison ML, Blackwood JE, Lockett SL, Iwata A, Winn RK, Roth MB. Surviving blood loss using hydrogen sulfide. J Trauma. 2008;65(1):183-188.
  13. Elrod JW, Calvert JW, Morrison J, et al. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by preservation of mitochondrial function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104(39):15560-15565.
  14. Sodha NR, Clements RT, Feng J, et al. The effects of therapeutic sulfide on myocardial apoptosis in response to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008;33(5):906-913.
  15. Esechie A, Kiss L, Olah G, et al. Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide in a murine model of acute lung injury induced by combined burn and smoke inhalation. Clin Sci (Lond). 2008;115(3):91-97.
  16. Simon F, Giudici R, Duy CN, et al. Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of hydrogen sulfide during porcine ischemia/reperfusion injury. Shock. 2008;30(4):359-364.
  17. Jha S, Calvert JW, Duranski MR, Ramachandran A, Lefer DJ. Hydrogen sulfide attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury: role of antioxidant and antiapoptotic signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008;295(2):H801-H806.